Credit exposure management is complex. There are several challenges and issues that surround exposure management. Some of them are discussed below:
- Full exposure coverage and aggregation: Banks typically ignore minor exposures during credit aggregation. These ignored exposures may however at some point grow and exceed global counterparty limits. A small client may offer the shares of XYZ to the bank as collateral at the time of seeking a loan. XYZ independently may be a client of the bank with large borrowings. Only during a default event will the bank fully realize the extent of exposure to XYZ it has.
- A uniform understanding of risk, its measurement and factors that affect it: A bank may have aggressively grown in size through a series of mergers and acquisitions. It is quite possible that uniform measures in assessing and understanding risk, setting limits is not followed. Sometimes traders may introduce new concepts like negative credit exposure. A loan that is received from another bank is considered as negative exposure as it can offset this negative exposure with another loan resulting in net zero credit exposure. Most banks may not offset this negative exposure with the original counterparty; instead it may bundle and pass on the negative exposure to other clients.
